Architectures with declarative representations have knowledge in a format that may be manipulated decomposed and analyzed by its reasoners. A classic example of a declarative representation is logic. Advantages of declarative knowledge are:
Architectures with procedural representations encode how to achieve a particular result. Advantages of procedural knowledge are:
Often times, whether knowledge is viewed as declarative or procedural is not an intrinsc property of the knowledge base, but is a function of what is allowed to read from it. Production systems, for example, are declarative if productions may view themselves, and are procedural it they can. (cf. glass-box/black-box control knowledge)
A particular architecture may use both declarative and procedural knowledge at different times, taking advantage of their different advantages. An example of this is Atlantis, which has a low-level. The distinction between declarative and procedural representations is somewhat artifical in that they may easily be interconverted, depending on the try of processing that is done on them.
Examples of declarative architectures are:
Examples of procedural architectures are:
Examples of declarative & procedural architectures are:
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